While loops are powerful, Python offers a concise way to create lists using list comprehension. Imagine you need a list containing squares of numbers from 1 to 5. Here’s how to do it with a loop:
squares = []
for i in range(1, 6):
squares.append(i * i)
print(squares) #This will Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
With just one line of code, you can create the same list using a list comprehension. The for loop and the addition of additional elements are combined into a single line in a list comprehension, which automatically adds every additional ingredient. We can rewrite the above code of creating a list with items of squares.
squares = [value**2 for value in range(1, 6)]
print(squares)
Now let count, one to twenty using list comprehension. We will use a for loop to print the numbers from 1 to 20, inclusive.
#we begin by creating the list
numbers = [number for number in range(1,21)]
print(numbers)
Let’s count to one million once more using this example: Create a list of all the numbers between one and one million, and then print the numbers using a for loop. (If the output is taking too long, you can end it by closing the output window or by pressing Ctrl-C.)
oneToOneMillion = [number for number in range(1, 1000001)] #create the list
print(oneToOneMillion) #print the list
IF you look at the result in the VSCode terminal, you can see that the numbers counted couldn’t be printed up to one million. In fact, it stopped after 2752. I think this was the VSCode problem. It did try, though.
Now, let us do Summing a Million: Make a list of the numbers from one to one million, and then use min() and max() to make sure your list actually starts at one and ends at one million. Also, use the sum() function to see how quickly Python can add a million numbers.
oneToOneMillion = [number for number in range(1, 1000001)] #create the list
print(min(oneToOneMillion))
print(max(oneToOneMillion))
print(sum(oneToOneMillion))
originalList = ['lagos', 'kano', 'kaduna', 'lokoja', 'abuja'] #this is the original list of states in nigeria
copyList = originalList[:] #create an empty list without modifying the index
copyList = originalList #use this syntax to make the copy
print(originalList)
print(f"The copied list: \n{copyList}")
party_games = [
["Board Games", "Alice", "Bob"],
["Video Games", "David", "Emily"]
]
This code creates a nested list named party_games
. The outer list contains two inner lists, each representing a game and its participants.
# Creating a nested list
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
# Accessing elements in a nested list
print(nested_list[0]) # Output: [1, 2, 3]
print(nested_list[1][2]) # Output: 6
# Modifying an element in a nested list
nested_list[2][1] = 88
print(nested_list) #This should Output: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 88, 9]]
A nested list is simply a list that contains other lists as its elements.
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
# Using nested loops to iterate over the elements
for sublist in nested_list:
for item in sublist:
print(item, end=' ')
#this shoul output the following : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
You can use nested loops to iterate over each element in a nested list.
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
# Flattening a nested list using list comprehension
flattened_list = [item for sublist in nested_list for item in sublist]
print(flattened_list) #this will output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
List comprehension can also be used with nested lists.
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
# Using the `len` function to find the length of a nested list
print(len(nested_list)) # Output: 3
print(len(nested_list[0])) # Output: 3
# Using the `sum` function to sum elements of a sublist
print(sum(nested_list[1])) # Output: 15
# Creating a 3x3 matrix filled with zeros
matrix = [[0 for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
print(matrix)
# Output: [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]
# Filling the matrix with incrementing numbers
count = 1
for i in range(3):
for j in range(3):
matrix[i][j] = count
count += 1
print(matrix)
# Output: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
# Transposing the nested list
transposed_list = [[nested_list[j][i] for j in range(len(nested_list))] for i in range(len(nested_list[0]))]
print(transposed_list)
# Output: [[1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], [3, 6, 9]]
.append()
method..pop(0)
method.in
operator. 8. Create a new list by slicing a portion of your fruit list..sort()
method..reverse()
method.What are some real-world applications of using lists in Python?
Python lists have a wide range of applications. Here are a few examples:
2. When should I use lists versus other data structures in Python?
Lists are a good choice for ordered collections of elements that can change dynamically. However, if you need more specific functionalities, consider other data structures:
3. How can I improve the efficiency of my code when working with large lists?
For very large lists, consider these optimization techniques:
.sort()
or .reverse()
for efficient list manipulation tasks.4. What are some advanced list functionalities I can explore?
As you progress in Python, explore these advanced list concepts:
5. Where can I find more resources to learn about working with lists in Python?
The official Python documentation is a great starting point, check out the Python website for this here. Additionally, online tutorials, forums, and books dedicated to Python programming can provide further in-depth explanations and practice exercises.
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